Suriname's Vital Waterways: A Lifeline of Biodiversity and Development

Suriname, nestled on the northeastern coast of South America, is a land defined by its waterways. From vast river networks to coastal wetlands, these water bodies shape the nation's geography, sustain its rich biodiversity, and support local communities. Suriname's intricate system of rivers, mangroves, and wetlands serves as both a sanctuary for diverse wildlife and a foundation for human activity.

At the heart of Suriname's hydrological landscape are its major rivers, which meander through dense rainforests and connect remote regions to bustling urban centers. These waterways function as natural highways, fostering trade, transportation, and cultural exchange. Meanwhile, Suriname's coastal ecosystems, including estuaries, lagoons, and mangroves, provide critical habitats for migratory birds and marine life, reinforcing the country's ecological significance.

Despite its relatively small coastline along the Atlantic Ocean, Suriname's water bodies are integral to its identity. They support agriculture, industry, and conservation efforts. These aquatic landscapes not only define the nation's natural beauty but also play a vital role in sustaining human and ecological communities.

Estuaries

Suriname River Estuary

The country's most significant river flows into the Atlantic Ocean and forms an estuary. This estuary serves as a critical natural harbor and is the location of Suriname's capital city, Paramaribo. Tides influence the estuary area and serve as a vital transportation route for maritime activities.

Nickerie River Estuary

The Nickerie River is the westernmost major river in Suriname and flows into the Atlantic Ocean. The estuary formed by the river's mouth is ecologically significant and supports coastal ecosystems.

Maroni River Estuary

The Maroni River forms the border between Suriname and French Guiana. While the estuary's western bank primarily belongs to French Guiana, it is part of Suriname's territory. This estuary is crucial to the country's trade and transport activities.

Notable Rivers

Commewijne River

Flowing parallel to the Suriname River, the Commewijne River is another significant waterway in the country. It stretches about 80 km (50 mi) and runs through the districts of Commewijne and Paramaribo. The river is vital for transportation and is surrounded by rich agricultural lands.

Coppename River

The Coppename River is situated in the central part of Suriname and runs for approximately 370 km (230 mi) through central Suriname. It flows through a mix of rainforest and savanna landscapes and is utilized for transportation and irrigation.

Corantijn River

Also known as the Courantyne River, this waterway forms the western border between Suriname and Guyana. It flows for about 724 km (450 mi) before emptying into the Atlantic Ocean. The river is historically significant, marking the former boundary between British Guiana (now Guyana) and Dutch Guiana (now Suriname).

Lawa River

The Lawa River is a tributary of the Marowijne River and marks the border between Suriname and French Guiana. It is approximately 380 km (236 mi) long and provides access to remote parts of the southeastern rainforest.

Marowijne River

Also known as the Maroni River, this river forms the eastern border between Suriname and French Guiana. It originates in the Tumuk Humak Mountains and flows for approximately 480 km (298 mi) before reaching the Atlantic Ocean. The river is essential for both countries, serving as a natural boundary and a significant transportation route.

Nickerie River

The Nickerie River flows for approximately 270 km (168 mi) in the western part of Suriname. It is an essential water source for agriculture in the Nickerie District, and its estuary provides a natural harbor for fishing and maritime activities.

Saramacca River

The Saramacca River, which stretches for about 230 km (143 mi) in the northern part of Suriname, is significant for transportation and provides access to various coastal and inland settlements.

Suriname River

The Suriname River is the country's most prominent and longest river, stretching approximately 480 km (298 mi). It originates in the Guiana Highlands of southern Suriname and flows northward through the country's central part. The Suriname River is of immense importance for transportation, as it provides access to remote inland areas and connects the capital city, Paramaribo, to the interior regions. Its estuary is a natural harbor crucial to Suriname's trade and commerce.

Tapanahony River

Originating in the Tumuk Humak Mountains, the Tapanahony River flows for approximately 560 km (348 mi) through the southern rainforest region of Suriname. It is an important river for the Indigenous communities in the area.

_{CIA Map of Suriname.}

Reservoirs, Lakes, and Lagoons

Bigi Pan (Big Lake)

This coastal lagoon and wetland area near the Nickerie River is an essential habitat for birds and other wildlife and is known for its biodiversity.

Blanche Marie Lagoon

Located near the Blanche Marie Falls in western Suriname, this lagoon is another significant water body in the country. The remote area is surrounded by lush rainforests, making it an attractive destination for ecotourism and nature enthusiasts.

Blommenstein Reservoir

Located near the capital city, Paramaribo, this reservoir supplies water to the city and surrounding areas. It's relatively small but crucial in providing freshwater to the population.

Coermotibo Reservoir

Also known as Prof. Dr. Ir. W.J. van Blommesteinmeer II, this reservoir was constructed in the Brokopondo District to support mining operations. It contributes to the region's hydrology.

Coppenameplas

This lake is located in the Coppename River area. It provides a serene environment and is a natural habitat for various aquatic and bird species.

Brokopondo Reservoir (Prof. Dr. Ir. W.J. van Blommesteinmeer)

This reservoir is one of Suriname's most prominent water bodies. It was created by damming the Suriname River. The reservoir covers a vast area and is located in the central part of the country. Its primary purpose is to generate hydroelectric power for Suriname, making it a crucial energy source. The reservoir also offers opportunities for fishing and water-based recreational activities.

Brokopondomeer Zuid

Translated as "Brokopondo South Lake," this is a smaller lake located south of the main Brokopondo Reservoir.

Wageningen Lake

This is a smaller lake located in the western part of the country, near Nickerie. It's primarily used for irrigation and is important for rice cultivation in the region.

Witikreek

Situated in the district of Sipaliwini, Witikreek is a well-known creek that occasionally expands into a lagoon during the rainy season. Pristine rainforests surround the area, serving as habitats for various wildlife species.